An experimental diet
with carbohydrates eaten mostly at dinner could benefit people suffering from
severe and morbid obesity, according to new research at the Hebrew University
of Jerusalem.
The diet influences
secretion patters of hormones responsible for hunger and satiety, as well as
hormones associated with metabolic syndrome. In this way the diet can help
dieters persist over the long run, and reduce risk factors for diabetes and
cardiovascular disease.
The researchers found
that the innovative dietary manipulation led to changes in daylight hormonal
profiles in favor of the dieters: the satiety hormone leptin's secretion curve
became convex during daylight hours with a nadir in the late day; the hunger
hormone ghrelin's secretion curve became concave, peaking only in the evening
hours; and the curve of adiponectin, considered the link between obesity,
insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome, was elevated. At the same time
this dietary pattern led to lower hunger scores, and better anthropometric
(weight, abdominal circumference and body fat), biochemical (blood sugar, blood
lipids) and inflammatory outcomes compared to the control group.
The idea came about
from studies on Muslims during Ramadan, when they fast during the day and eat
high-carbohydrate meals in the evening, that showed the secretion curve of
leptin was changed
The findings suggest
there is an advantage in concentrating carbohydrate intake in the evening,
especially for people at risk of developing diabetes or cardiovascular disease
due to obesity. The findings lay the basis for a more appropriate dietary
alternative for those people who have difficulty persisting in diets over time,
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